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《都柏林人》中的乔伊斯与爱尔兰的良知
我爱英语网 http://www.52en.com
论文名称: 《都柏林人》中的乔伊斯与爱尔兰的良知
论文名称: James Joyce and the Irish Conscience in Dubliners
关键词:
爱尔兰性 Irishness
爱尔兰文艺复兴 Celtic Revival
爱尔兰民族主义 Irish Nationalism
背叛 betrayal
[摘要]
本文主要探讨在爱尔兰政治，宗教和文化情境下，如何形成乔伊斯所谓的爱尔兰良知此
一重要概念。良知一字来自《画像》它点出乔伊斯创作《都柏林人》的两个观点。首先，
乔依斯展现文学良知来对抗殖民论述中的爱尔兰形象和文艺复兴运动中的爱尔兰性，他也
同时批判省思在爱尔兰民族运动中身为一个民族作家的角色与文化使命。在序言部份，首
先要批判的是由叶慈和海德所领导的文艺复兴运动的文化策略和论述，进而一步肯定乔氏
对爱尔兰贬抑的描述。第一章主要探讨爱尔兰在大饥荒里所遭遇的殖民压迫，及其伴随而
来的经济萧条造成爱尔兰境内的性别与婚姻问题。然而，乔依斯也清楚爱尔兰的矮化与苦
难不能单方归咎于英国殖民政策，也须反思爱尔兰自身的的堕落，因为爱尔兰自愿为殖民
底下的被压迫者。第二章探讨的是民族运动中的背叛以及宗教干政，我将以Seamus Deane
的论述来阐述爱尔兰背叛和教会所扮演的政治机制。第三章是要探讨死者。首先是对结局
作一扼要的文献回顾，进而分析主人翁如何藉由与三个女性的冲突达到顿悟，并思索盖尔
维的寻根之旅。最后，我再次肯定作为道德史一章的《都柏林人》一书的重要性与乔依斯
的贡献。
[摘要]
My thesis focuses on Joyce’s conception of conscience in terms of the Irish
political, religious and cultural context. The word “conscience” comes from
Portrait to reveal two aspects of Joyce’s intention of writing Dubliners:
first, to demonstrate his literary conscience against the image of Ireland in
the colonial discourse and to challenge definition of Irishness in the revival
movement. And second, Joyce also starts a self-critical view of his own
cultural mission and his own artistic role of being an Irish artist in the
nationalist movement.
This introduction begins with my interrogation of the cultural project of
the Irish Revival. It is a critical survey on the issues of the Gaelic
Revival initiated by Douglas Hyde and W. B. Yeats. This interrogation
anticipates my assertion of Joyce’s portrait of Ireland’s debasement. In
Chapter One, I explore the Irish colonization and subjugation under the
British oppression of the Great Famine in the nineteenth century. I will
explore the destruction of the Irish economy on the themes of sexuality,
gender and marriage. However, Joyce realizes that the Irish subjugation and
victimization are not only the result of the British colonialism but also the
Irish own degradation when they are willing to become the consent subservience
and grateful for being the oppressed.
In Chapter Two, I discuss the theme of betrayal in the Irish nationalism as
well as the Church’s involvement in the political movements. And I would
highlight the theme of betrayal with Seamus Deane’s discourse of “Ireland’s
traditional unfaithfulness” to explore the Catholic Church as a political
institution for her involvement in the nationalist movement. In Chapter
Three, I discuss the longest story “The Dead”. First, I examine the
critical reviews about the final vision and assert my assumption of how Joyce
concludes his Dublin world as a world of rebirth through Gabriel’s
confrontations with three females (Lily, Miss Ivors and Gretta) and imagines
his motherland by Gabriel’s epiphanic journey to Galway in the snow vision.
In the conclusion, I will assert Joyce’s contribution of writing Dubliners
that serves as a “moral chapter” of demonstrating his literary conscience
against the superficial practices of the revivalists’ cultural enterprise and
the British colonial discourse in naturalizing the Great Famine. I will re-
examine the importance of Joyce’s Dubliners in the Irish Revival movement.
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